O-Ie Sōdō (, "house strife") were noble family disputes within the

samurai were the hereditary military nobility and officer caste of medieval and early-modern Japan from the late 12th century until their abolition in 1876. They were the well-paid retainers of the '' daimyo'' (the great feudal landholders). They ...

and aristocratic classes of

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the n ...

, particularly during the early

Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was character ...

(17th century). The most famous is the '' Date Sōdō'', which broke out among the Date family in the 1660s–70s. The

Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...

which ruled Japan in the Edo period established itself by subjugating warlords (''

daimyō were powerful Japanese magnates, feudal lords who, from the 10th century to the early Meiji period in the middle 19th century, ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings. They were subordinate to the shogun and nominall ...

''), militant religious groups (

ikki Ikki may refer to: *''Ikki'', revolts against samurai rule in 15th and 16th century Japan **Ikkō-ikki, ''ikki'' revolts organized by Jōdo Shinshū Buddhists ***Kaga ikki, an ''Ikkō-ikki'' break-away warrior and peasant confederacy based in Kaga ...

) and other violent groups; their control was predicated on a forcibly imposed peace. As a result, these sorts of noble house disputes, which often came quite close to erupting into outright battle and which often took place among the powerful '' tozama'' families, posed a serious threat to the stability of the '' bakuhan'' (shogunate-fiefdom) political system. These events were thus taken very seriously by the government, but also became very popular tales among the people, and were regarded as being quite interesting and exciting, due to the political and physical conflict involved. A number were related in books and several were even transformed into plays and performed on the

kabuki is a classical form of Japanese dance- drama. Kabuki theatre is known for its heavily-stylised performances, the often-glamorous costumes worn by performers, and for the elaborate make-up worn by some of its performers. Kabuki is thought ...

bunraku (also known as ) is a form of traditional Japanese puppet theatre, founded in Osaka in the beginning of the 17th century, which is still performed in the modern day. Three kinds of performers take part in a performance: the or (puppeteers ...

stage, under the genre known as ''O-ie-mono'' (御家物) or ''O-Ie Kyōgen'' (御家狂言).

Notable family disputes

*1608 –

Tsutsui clan Tsutsui clan is a Japanese clan originating during the Sengoku period (16th century) of Japan. Throughout the time of the 16th century, the Tsutsui clan would mainly control the Yamato Province, due to the efforts of the feudal lord ('' daimyō'' ...

, Iga-Ueno Domain (''Tsutsui Sōdō'') *1614 –

Ōkubo Nagayasu was a Japanese samurai bureaucrat and ''daimyō'' of the Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional ''daimyo''. Emerging ...

( Ōkubo family),

Odawara Domain 250px, Odawara Castle, Headquarters of the Odawara Domain was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located primarily in western Sagami Province (modern-day Kanagawa Prefecture). It was centered on Odawara Castle in what is now the city of Oda ...

*1617 – Mogami clan,

Yamagata Domain was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Dewa Province (modern-day Yamagata Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Yamagata Castle in what is now the city of Yamagata. Unlike some ''han'' whose control was relatively stable througho ...

(''Mogami Sōdō'') *1626 –

Sō clan were a Japanese clan claiming descent from Taira no Tomomori. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Toki," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 56 retrieved 2013-5-10. The clan go ...

, Tsushima Domain (''Yanagawa Iken'') *1633 –

Kuroda clan Kuroda (written: lit. "black ricefield") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include: *, Japanese painter *Akinobu Kuroda 黒田明伸, Japanese historian *Chris Kuroda, lighting designer and operator for the band Phish and Jus ...

Fukuoka Domain was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. It was associated with Chikuzen Province in modern-day Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyushu. The domain was also sometimes referred to as Chikuzen Domain, or as Kuroda Domain, after the ruling Kuroda ...

*1634 –

Tsugaru clan The was a Japanese samurai clan who ruled the northwestern half of what is now Aomori Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of Japan under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. The Tsugaru were ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain and its semi-subsidiary, ...

Hirosaki Domain Hirosaki Castle, the seat of the Hirosaki Domain , also known as , was a '' tozama'' feudal domain of Edo period JapanRavina, Mark. (1998) ''Land and Lordship in Early Modern Japan,'' p. 222 It is located in Mutsu Province, in northern Honsh� ...

(''Funabashi Sōdō'') *1635 –

Kamei clan Kamei ( 亀井, "turtle well") is a Japanese surname. *Japanese clan, Kamei clan People that have the name include: *Akiko Kamei, politician *Eri Kamei, member of Morning Musume *Fumio Kamei, documentary film director *, Japanese fencer * Hirota ...

, Tsuwano Domain (''Enchi Sōdō'') *1639 – Katō clan,

Aizu Domain was a Han (Japan), domain of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1601 to 1871.Ravina, Mark. (1998) ''Land and Lordship in Early Modern Japan,'' p. 222 The Aizu Domain was based at Aizuwakamatsu Castle, Tsuruga Castle in ...

*1640 –

Ikoma clan The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from Fujiwara no Fusasaki of the "Northern House" of the Fujiwara clan ( ''Fujiwara Hokke'', 藤原北家). During the Sengoku period they supported the Unification of Japan as retainers of ...

, Takamatsu Domain *1640 –

Ikeda clan was a Japanese clan that claimed descent from Minamoto no Yorimitsu (948-1021) of the Seiwa Genji. Minamoto no Yasumasa, the fourth generation descending from Yorimitsu, and younger brother of Minamoto no Yorimasa (1104-1180), was the first to ...

Yamasaki Domain 250px, Honda Tadaaki, final daimyō of Yamasaki was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Harima Province in what is now the southwestern portion of modern-day Hyōgo Prefecture. It was centered arou ...

*1640 –

Sagara clan The Sagara clan (相良氏, ''Sagara-shi'') was a Japanese samurai clan of Daimyo, daimyos. They were a Military alliance, tactical ally of the Shimazu clan. In the Edo period, they became the daimyo of the Hitoyoshi Domain and ruled until the Me ...

, Hitoyoshi Domain (''Oshimo no Ran'') *1648 –

Inaba clan The were a '' samurai'' kin group which rose to prominence in the Sengoku period and the Edo periods.Meyer, Eva-Maria"Gouverneure von Kyôto in der Edo-Zeit". Universität Tübingen (in German) Under the Tokugawa shogunate, the Inaba, as here ...

Fukuchiyama Domain file:Kutsuki Moritsuna.jpg, 250px, Kutsuki Moritsuna, final ''daimyō'' of Fukuchiyama was a Han (Japan), feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tanba Province in what is now the west-central portion of moder ...

(''Tamba-Fukuchiyama Sōdō'') *1648 – Yoshida clan, Hamada Domain *1648 – Kitsuregawa clan, Kitsuregawa Domain *1660–1671 –

Date clan The is a Japanese samurai kin group. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Date", ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 5 retrieved 2013-5-5. History The Date family was founded ...

Sendai Domain The , also known as the , was a domain of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1600 to 1871. The Sendai Domain was based at Aoba Castle in Mutsu Province, in the modern city of Sendai, located in the Tōhoku region of the i ...

('' Date Sōdō'', ''Tsunamune Inkyo Jiken'') *1679 –

Matsudaira clan The was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture). During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of t ...

, Takata Domain (''Echigo Sōdō'') *1697 –

(''Tsunamura Inkyo Jiken'') *1748 –

Maeda clan was a Japanese samurai clan who occupied most of the Hokuriku region of central Honshū from the end of the Sengoku period through the Meiji restoration of 1868. The Maeda claimed descent from the Sugawara clan of Sugawara no Kiyotomo and Sugaw ...

Kaga Domain The , also known as the , was a domain of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1583 to 1871.

(''Kaga Sōdō'') *1754 –

Satake clan The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Minamoto clan. Its first power base was in Hitachi Province. The clan was subdued by Minamoto no Yoritomo in the late 12th century, but later entered Yoritomo's service as vass ...

Akita Domain was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Dewa Province (modern-day Akita Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Kubota Castle in what is now the city of Akita and was thus also known as the . It was governed for the whole of its hi ...

(''Satake Sōdō'') *1759 –

, Hitoyoshi Domain (''Take-teppō Jiken'') *1808 –

Shimazu clan The were the '' daimyō'' of the Satsuma han, which spread over Satsuma, Ōsumi and Hyūga provinces in Japan. The Shimazu were identified as one of the '' tozama'' or outsider ''daimyō'' familiesAppert, Georges ''et al.'' (1888). in cont ...

Satsuma Domain The , briefly known as the , was a domain (''han'') of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1602 to 1871. The Satsuma Domain was based at Kagoshima Castle in Satsuma Province, the core of the modern city of Kagoshima, l ...

*1824 – Sengoku clan, Izushi Domain *1849 –

(''Oyura Sōdō'')

References

*''Much of the content of this article is derived from its corresponding article on the Japanese Wikipedia.'' *Sansom, George (1963). ''A History of Japan: 1615–1867''. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. {{DEFAULTSORT:O-Ie Sodo Daimyo Rival successions Japan history-related lists